Ohio Assessments for Educators (OAE) Special Education Practice Exam

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What is a potential outcome for individuals with Down Syndrome?

Excellent physical health
Advanced cognitive abilities
Moderate mental retardation
High levels of athletic performance

The correct answer is: Moderate mental retardation

Individuals with Down Syndrome often experience cognitive delays, and many are classified as having moderate intellectual disabilities, previously referred to as mental retardation. This classification reflects the common profile of cognitive functioning in individuals with Down Syndrome, which can vary widely but typically includes challenges in areas such as problem-solving and adaptive behavior. This outcome contrasts with the other choices, which either imply abilities that are not standard for most individuals with Down Syndrome or suggest an overall health status that may not align with the often-complex medical needs of these individuals. While some individuals with Down Syndrome may achieve excellent physical health, advanced cognitive abilities, or excel in athletics, these outcomes are not universally applicable and do not represent the general experience. The reality for many individuals with Down Syndrome involves moderate to mild intellectual disabilities, making the identification of such cognitive levels a key aspect of understanding the condition.