Ohio Assessments for Educators (OAE) Special Education Practice Exam

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What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) primarily caused by?

Genetic mutations during conception
Excessive alcohol consumption during pregnancy
Use of prescription medications during pregnancy
Maternal exposure to environmental toxins

The correct answer is: Excessive alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is primarily caused by excessive alcohol consumption during pregnancy. When a pregnant individual consumes alcohol, it can cross the placental barrier and affect fetal development. Alcohol can interfere with the growth and development of the fetus, leading to a range of physical, behavioral, and cognitive issues that are characteristic of FAS. This disorder results from the toxic effects of alcohol on the developing brain and other organs of the fetus, making maternal alcohol intake the key risk factor for FAS. Other options, such as genetic mutations during conception, prescription medications, and environmental toxins, can contribute to various congenital disorders and developmental issues, but they do not specifically cause FAS. The critical factor for the development of FAS is the presence of alcohol in the mother's bloodstream during critical periods of fetal development. Understanding this connection is crucial for raising awareness about the risks of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and promoting healthier outcomes for both mothers and children.